Endocrine System
Navigational overlay for the hormone-secreting glands and their systemic signaling axes. Endocrine aging (“endocrinosenescence”) is pervasive: the somatotropic (GH/IGF-1), thyroid, gonadal, adrenal, and mineral-regulating axes all drift with age. Two of these axes are mechanistically central to this wiki — deregulated nutrient sensing (insulin/IGF-1, the most evolutionarily conserved longevity pathway) and the bone-mineral endocrine axis (PTH–FGF23–Klotho–vitamin D), which links the endocrine, skeletal, and cardiovascular systems.
Glands & organs
- thyroid — T3/T4 + calcitonin; subclinical hypothyroidism and the age-rising TSH set-point are common and clinically consequential
- parathyroid — PTH; secondary hyperparathyroidism is a major driver of age-related bone loss
Aging phenotypes
- type-2-diabetes — the dominant endocrine-metabolic aging disease (insulin resistance)
Key signaling axes
- Nutrient sensing: insulin-igf1, mtor, ampk — see deregulated-nutrient-sensing
- Bone-mineral endocrine axis: fgf23 (osteocyte → kidney), klotho (co-receptor; declines with age), hyperphosphatemia, matrix-gla-protein, vitamin-k — connects endocrine ↔ musculoskeletal-system ↔ cardiovascular-system
Auto-aggregated tissue members
LIST FROM "tissues"
WHERE parent-system = "endocrine-system"
SORT file.nameMissing / planned pages
- pancreas — now seeded as a stub (endocrine islets; shared with digestive-system)
[[adrenal-gland]],[[pituitary]],[[hypothalamus]],[[pineal-gland]],[[gonads]]— glands not yet seeded stub[[hypothyroidism]],[[secondary-hyperparathyroidism]],[[menopause]],[[andropause]]— endocrine aging phenotypes not yet seeded stub[[growth-hormone]],[[cortisol]],[[thyroid-follicular-cells]]— not yet seeded stub
See also
- by-organ-system — index of all body-system MOCs
- deregulated-nutrient-sensing — the insulin/IGF-1 longevity axis
- musculoskeletal-system · cardiovascular-system — connected via the PTH–FGF23–Klotho mineral axis
- reproductive-system — gonadal hormone decline (menopause/andropause)